There be句型的講解
There be句型是小學英語教學中的重要內(nèi)容。表示某處存在某(物)人?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為“There be +某物(某人)+某地(某時)”。
Be動詞的單復數(shù)必須依主語的變化而變化。單數(shù)is，復數(shù)are
如：
There is a table in the room. 房間里有一張桌子。
There are some birds on the tree. 樹上有很多鳥。
一、 There be句型的結(jié)構(gòu)：
1.（一）There is+單數(shù)可數(shù)+地點狀語
例：There is a ruler on the desk. 書桌上有一把尺。
（二）There are+復數(shù)主語+地點狀語
例：There are four apples on the tree. 樹上有四個蘋果。
There are some flowers in the park. 公園里有許多花。
（三）there is + 不可數(shù)名詞 +地點狀語 （即使有some 也是 單數(shù)）
例：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 （水是不可數(shù)名詞）
2. There be選擇就近原則：
There be句型的就近原則是There be句型中語法項目的重點考點。There be句型中be動詞的單復數(shù)形式由最挨近的一項的單復數(shù)決定。
如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
在本句中盡管有鋼筆、書和鉛筆，但是由于離be動詞最近的一項是單數(shù)a pen，因此，be動詞用單數(shù)is。
二、There be 句型的疑問句及回答
（一）There be 句型的疑問
1. 在“There is/are...”的疑問句中,要把Be動詞放在there之前,并將句號變問號。難點:句中出現(xiàn)的some要改成any。
2. 肯定回答為：Yes, there is/are.
3. 否定回答為: No, there isn’t/aren’t.
例句
可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 1.
肯定句There is an apple on the tree.
疑問句 Is there an apple on the tree?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)2.
肯定句There are five pens on the desk.
疑問句Are there five pens on the desk?
肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.
不可數(shù)名詞的時候 3.
肯定句 There is some water in the cup. （水是不可數(shù)名詞）
否定句 Is there any water in the cup?
肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.
三、There be 句型的否定形式
（一）There be 句型的否定： 否定形式只要在be動詞后面加not即可，is not =isn’t are not= aren’t
但要注意的是句中如果出現(xiàn)some則改成any.
1.There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.
2.There are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.
3.There is some ink in the bottle. 否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. （ink是墨水，不可數(shù)名詞）
4.There are some birds singing in the tree. 否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.