過去完成時的用法

(1) 與過去完成時連用的時間狀語可以多種多樣，使用它的主要依據(jù)是看其是否發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。如：

He had learnt some English before I went here. 在來這兒之前我學(xué)過一些英語。

He had written three stories by last year. 到去年他已經(jīng)寫了三篇故事。

We had cleaned the room when he got there. 當(dāng)他到那兒時，我們已經(jīng)把房子弄干凈了。

He went there after he had finished his work. 他把事做完之后，就去哪兒了。

注意：當(dāng)主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引導(dǎo)的時間從句的動作連接很緊密時，從句也可用一般過去時。

He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那兒了。

(2) 過去完成時還經(jīng)常用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中。如：

He said he had been a soldier. 他說他當(dāng)過兵。

They said they had seen the film. 他們說這幕電影他們看過。

(3) 在hardly / scarcely …when…, no sooner…than… 兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中的主句通常要用過去完成時。如：

Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一聽到這一消息就大哭了起來。

Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚飯就出去了。

No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡著了。

(4) 動詞expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的過去完成時可用來表示未實現(xiàn)的計劃、打算或希望。如：

I had hoped to see you. 我本希望來看你。

He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京買棟房子。