英語中的程度副詞與頻度副詞
1. 程度副詞的用法特點
程度副詞用于表示程度,常見的程度副詞有 fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really 等;程度副詞主要用于修飾形容詞和副詞,有的還可修飾比較級(如much, rather 等)和最高級(如quite, much, almost 等)。如:
I'm quite certain of that. 對那事我完全可以肯定。
He speaks very highly of you. 他對你評價很高。
His illness is far more serious than we thought. 他的病比我們想像的要嚴重得多。
注:quite 有時也修飾比較級,但只用于quite better(身體康復(fù))這一表達。有的程度副詞(如quite, rather, almost等)可修飾動詞,但有的(如fairly, pretty, very等)則不能修飾動詞。
2. 頻度副詞的用法特點
頻度副詞表示動作發(fā)生的次數(shù),常見的頻度副詞有ever, never, rarely, seldom, once, often, occasionally, constantly, frequently, usually, continually, always 等。頻度副詞通常位于實意動詞之前,動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后(有時為了強調(diào),頻度副詞也可位它們之前)。如:
The children are seldom ill. 這些孩子很少生病。
Do you often watch television? 你??措娨晢??
I've never been out this late before. 我從來沒在外面待到這么晚。
注:有的頻度副詞可位于句末(尤其受very, only修飾時)。如:
I go there alone very seldom. 我很少一個人去那兒。
You should oil that machine often. 你應(yīng)當經(jīng)常給那臺機器上油。
注:含有否定意義的頻度副詞置于句首時,其后要用倒裝語序:
Never have I read such books. 我從未讀過那樣的書。