for表示原因時(shí)的四個(gè)“不能”
1. for引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于它所解釋的動(dòng)詞之前:
Because it was wet he took a taxi. 因?yàn)橄掠?,他叫了一輛出租車。(這里不能用for)
2. for引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于not, but或任何連詞之后:
He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing. 他偷東西,并不是因?yàn)樗胍X(qián),而是他有這種毛病。(這里不能用for)
3. for引導(dǎo)的從句不能用于回答問(wèn)題:
—Why did you do it? 你為什么這么做?
—I did it because l was angry. 因?yàn)槲疑鷼獠胚@么做的。(這里不能用for)
4. for引導(dǎo)的從句不能單單用來(lái)復(fù)述已講過(guò)的話,而必須包括新的內(nèi)容(www.yingyuyufa.com):
He spoke in French. She was angry because he had spoken in French. 他講法語(yǔ)。因?yàn)樗v法語(yǔ),她生氣了。(這里不能用for)
但是說(shuō):
She was angry, for she didn't know French. 她生氣了,因?yàn)樗欢ㄕZ(yǔ)。(這里用for是正確的,也可用because)
之所以有這些用法上的限定,其理由是for引導(dǎo)的從句不能直接說(shuō)明某一特定動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因,而只能提供一些起幫助解釋作用的附加說(shuō)明。例如:
The days were short, for it was now December. 天短了,現(xiàn)在已是12月了。
He took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing since dawn. 他狼吞虎咽地吃了起來(lái),因?yàn)樗麖奶炝辆蜎](méi)吃過(guò)東西。
When I saw her in the river I was frightened. For at that point the currents were dangerous. 我看見(jiàn)她在河里時(shí),嚇壞了。那個(gè)地方水流非常危險(xiǎn)。
在口語(yǔ)中,for從句前常稍停一下。在筆語(yǔ)中,在此處常有一個(gè)逗號(hào)。有時(shí)也用一個(gè)句號(hào)斷開(kāi),如最后一個(gè)例子所示。上面三個(gè)例句中也可用becatse, 但用for更好些。