punct,pung(punc,pounc,polgn,pon,point) = to prick(刺),
詞根來源于拉丁動(dòng)詞pungere,"to prick or stab",和拉丁名詞punctum," point"。punc,pounc,poign,pon,point 等是它們的變形。同義詞根有來自拉丁語的
(*拉丁文pungere(=to prick)。過去分詞是由“穿刺”引申為“(突出之)點(diǎn)”的意思。 —— 英文根字典)
1.compunction (用力地、狠狠地扎 com(=intensive)加強(qiáng)意義 + punct(=prick)刺 + -ion 名詞后綴;“良心受到刺痛”-->內(nèi)疚,后悔)
n.良心的譴責(zé);悔恨
compunctious adj.內(nèi)疚的,后悔的
compunctiously adv.后悔地
Some parents feel no compunction at beating their disobedient children. 有些父母因?yàn)楹⒆硬宦犜掅么蚝⒆訒r(shí),從不感到內(nèi)疚。
2.punctilio (突出的小點(diǎn))
n.(儀式等的)細(xì)枝;拘泥細(xì)節(jié)
stand upon punctilios 過分拘泥于細(xì)節(jié)
3.punctilious (punct點(diǎn),變尖,指,針+ilious→[做事]點(diǎn)滴不漏→小心的)
adj.謹(jǐn)小慎微的;拘泥于細(xì)節(jié)的
punctiliously adv. 謹(jǐn)小慎微地;拘泥于細(xì)節(jié)地
4.punctual (punct點(diǎn),變尖,指,針+ual……的→著眼于一點(diǎn)的→限于一限于一點(diǎn)的→不偏不差的→)
adj.嚴(yán)守時(shí)間的,準(zhǔn)時(shí)的;精確的
punctually adv.嚴(yán)守時(shí)間地
(as) punctual as the clock (像鐘表般)準(zhǔn)時(shí)的
punctual to the minute 分秒不差,準(zhǔn)時(shí)
be punctual for the lecture /in payment of one's rent 準(zhǔn)時(shí)上課/按時(shí)交納房租
5.punctuality (punctual[adj.嚴(yán)守時(shí)刻的,準(zhǔn)時(shí)的,正點(diǎn)的]+ity表名詞后綴→n.準(zhǔn)時(shí))
n.嚴(yán)守時(shí)間
6.punctuate (punct點(diǎn),變尖,指,針+ -u- + -ate 動(dòng)詞后綴→加上點(diǎn)→加標(biāo)點(diǎn))
v.在...間加標(biāo)點(diǎn);不時(shí)打斷
speech punctuated with cheers 不時(shí)被叫喝彩聲打斷的演說
punctuate one's remarks with thumps on the table 時(shí)不時(shí)敲擊桌子打斷某人的話
7.punctuation (punctuate[v.加標(biāo)點(diǎn)于;不時(shí)打斷]+ion表名詞→punctuation標(biāo)點(diǎn))
n.標(biāo)點(diǎn)
punctuation mark 標(biāo)點(diǎn)
8.puncture (punct點(diǎn),變尖,指,針+ -ure 名詞后綴→點(diǎn)[進(jìn)去]→刺穿;(轉(zhuǎn)為動(dòng)詞后為(用針)刺,刺破))
v.穿孔,扎,刺
n.(用尖的東西扎出的)小孔
puncture an abscess /her husband's ego 刺破膿腫/刺傷自己丈夫的自尊心
Two of my tires punctured while i was on that stony road. 經(jīng)過滿是石子的馬路時(shí),我的兩個(gè)車胎被扎破了。
9.expunge
v.擦去,抹去;刪除 *ex(=out)
10.pungent (pung(=punct,punct通過音變g <-- ct,變成了pung)點(diǎn),變尖,指,針+ent……的→尖的→尖銳的)
adj.(氣味、味道)辛辣的;刺激性的;(言語等)尖銳的,辛辣的,尖刻的
pungently adv. 辛辣地;刺激地
pungency n.辛辣;尖銳;刺激性
pungent sauce 辛辣的醬汁
pungent criticism /remarks /satire 尖刻的批評(píng)/話/諷刺
11.pounce
v.猛撲;突襲 *pounc<pung(=prick)
The tiger pounced savagely on a mouse. 那只老虎猛地?fù)湎蛞恢焕鲜蟆?/p>
12.punch (punch=punct點(diǎn),變尖,指,針→n.沖壓機(jī),沖床;穿孔機(jī) v.沖壓,穿孔)
n.打孔;打孔機(jī),穿孔機(jī),沖壓機(jī);猛擊,用拳頭擊打;力量;活力;潘趣酒(酒、果、汁、香料等混合而成的飲料)v.(用打孔機(jī))打孔、沖孔;用拳頭猛擊 *punc<pung(=prick)
give him a punch on the nose 對(duì)他的鼻子猛地一擊
punched cards 打孔卡
punch him on the chin 對(duì)他的下巴猛地一擊
face i'd like to punch 欠揍的臉
Punch-and-Judy show 英國滑稽木偶?。ㄖ魅斯巳⑺懒撕⒆雍推拮又斓?,最終被判處絞刑)
(as) pleased / proud ad Punch 非常開心/驕傲的
13.poignant
adj.痛切的;傷心的;辛酸的 *poign<pung(=prick)
poignantly adv.慘痛地;傷心地;辛酸地
poignancy n.辛酸;慘痛;傷心
poignant sorrow/regret/memories 徹骨的傷痛/深深的懊悔/痛苦的回憶
14.poniard
n.短劍,匕首 v.以匕首刺 *pounc<pung(=prick)
15.point
v.(~to)指;顯示,表示,表明;(~at)向...瞄準(zhǔn);指向...;(~out)指出;削尖(鉛筆等);強(qiáng)調(diào)
n.要點(diǎn),要義,論點(diǎn);項(xiàng)目,細(xì)目;特點(diǎn);瞬間,剎那;(釘子、鉛筆、刀的)尖頭,尖端;岬;(作為符號(hào)的)點(diǎn);(空間、時(shí)間上的或想法的)點(diǎn);(溫度計(jì)、指南針等的)度;得分,評(píng)分;學(xué)分 *point<pung(=prick)
The clock points to twelve. 時(shí)鐘指向12點(diǎn)
Don't point a finger at a lady. 不要用手指著女士。
point a pencil 把鉛筆削尖
miss the point 沒抓住要點(diǎn)
What's the point? 重點(diǎn)是什么?
good /bad points 優(yōu)點(diǎn)/缺點(diǎn)
turning point 轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)
at the point of the sword/bayonet 劍拔弩張
decimal point 小數(shù)點(diǎn)
the boiling /freezing/melting point 沸點(diǎn)/冰點(diǎn)/熔點(diǎn)
vantage point 優(yōu)勢(shì)地點(diǎn)
trading point 交易地點(diǎn)
to a certain point 到某種程度
score twenty points 得20分
Grade Point Average 平均成績(jī)點(diǎn)數(shù)(縮寫:GPA)
point system 駕駛違規(guī)的記分制度
16.pointed
adj.有針對(duì)性的(明確指向某人或行為);尖銳的 *point<pung(=prick)
pointed reproof 尖銳的指責(zé)
show pointed attentions to the glamorous movie star 十分關(guān)注那位迷人的電影明星
17.point-bland
adj.(射擊)近距離平射的;直截了當(dāng)?shù)?*blank(=white),point<pung(=prick)
fire at point-blank range 近距離射擊
point-blank refusal 直截了當(dāng)?shù)木芙^
18.pointer
n.指針;短毛大獵狗 *point<pung(=prick)
19.pointless
adj.無意義的;沒有目標(biāo)的,無目的的;未得分的 **point<pung(=prick),less(=without)
pointless draw 零比零
20.appoint (ap加強(qiáng)+point指→指定)
v.任命,委任;指定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等);約定;給...提供裝備 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
appointee n.被任命者
21.appointed
adj.指定的,指派的;約定的;設(shè)備好的 *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
at the appointed time 在約定的時(shí)間
his appointed task 指派給他的任務(wù)
well-appointed/badly-appointed library 設(shè)備好的/簡(jiǎn)陋的圖書館
22.appointment
n.指定;任命,作用;約會(huì);職位,職務(wù);(pl.)設(shè)備,陣設(shè) *ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
make /keep/break an appointment with him 約好和他見面/遵守約定與他見面/失約沒去和他見面
get a good appointment in a business firm 在公司里謀求到一個(gè)好職位
23.disappoint (dis不+appoint任命→不被任命→使失望)
v.使失望;挫?。ㄓ?jì)劃等);使(希望等)破滅 *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
disappointed adj.失望的
disappointing adj.令人失望的,辜負(fù)期望的
disappointedly adv.失望地,灰心地
24.disappointment
n.失望;令人失望的人(或事物) *dis(=away,apart),ap<ad(=to),point<pung(=prick)
to my great disappointment 令我極其失望的是
suffer many disappointments in love 經(jīng)歷多次失戀
25.acupuncture (acu尖+punct點(diǎn)+ure表名詞→用尖[針]點(diǎn)→針炙)
n.針炙
26.punctate(punct 點(diǎn) + -ate 形容詞后綴,...的)
adj.縮成一點(diǎn)的,點(diǎn)狀的
27.punctum(點(diǎn),-um 名詞后綴)n.斑點(diǎn)