above

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

prep. 超過(guò)，多于，勝過(guò)；高于；在……上面；在……之上；（因善良或誠(chéng)實(shí)正直而）不至于，不屑于（做某事）；偏向于，優(yōu)先于；
adv. 在（或向）上面；在（或向）較高處；超過(guò)；上文，前文
adj. 前文述及的；上述的；以上
n. 上述內(nèi)容，上述人員；前文

above作“上述的”解時(shí)只用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，不用于比較等級(jí)。
the above可用作名詞，在句中用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式，也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
作為形容詞時(shí)，意為“上面的”，如the above list，the above statement；
也可做名詞，如the above。above當(dāng)單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)均可，根據(jù)所指對(duì)象為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)而定。The above is a true story. 以上是個(gè)真實(shí)的故事。The above are the essentials. 以上是概要。
同over在意思上略不同。above不一定有“垂直在上的”含意，over卻有。如你在第一層樓，第二層樓是above你，但只有第二層樓的一小部分是over你。

(HIGHER POSITION) in or to a higher position than something else
(MORE) more than an amount or level
(RANK) in a more important or advanced position than someone else
(TOO IMPORTANT) too good or important for something
(ON PAGE) When used in a piece of writing, "above" means higher on the page, or on a previous page.

If one thing is above another one, it is directly over it or higher than it.
Above is also an adverb.
If an amount or measurement is above a particular level, it is greater than that level.
Above is also an adverb.
If you hear one sound above another, it is louder or clearer than the second one.
If someone is above you, they are in a higher social position than you or in a position of authority over you.
Above is also an adverb.
If you say that someone thinks they are above something, you mean that they act as if they are too good or important for it.
If someone is above criticism or suspicion, they cannot be criticized or suspected because of their good qualities or their position.
If you value one person or thing above any other, you value them more or consider that they are more important.
over and above&rarrsee over
above the law&rarrsee law
&rarrsee aboveboard
In writing, you use above to refer to something that has already been mentioned or discussed.
Above is also a noun.
Above is also an adjective.