disappoint

常用用法

disappoint用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),意思是“使…失望”,指原來的希望落空了。后面直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語,不用介詞to。
disappoint的過去分詞disappointed常用作形容詞,在句中作表語,后面可接in, with加名詞或at加名詞或動(dòng)名詞也可接動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。接介詞in或with是指對(duì)某人或某事不合理想而感到失望,接at是指因不滿某一事實(shí)、某一行動(dòng)而感到失望。
disappoint偶爾也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“令人失望”。

disappoint后加介詞at, by, in, of, with時(shí)它們之間的差別不大,一般有以下規(guī)律可循:當(dāng)表示“對(duì)所見所聞感到失望”時(shí),多用at; 表示“對(duì)沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期目標(biāo)而失望時(shí)”,多用in〔of, with〕; 表示“對(duì)沒有得到東西而失望”,多用of; disappoint by則多用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),強(qiáng)調(diào)“使某人失望”,此外表示“對(duì)人失望”須用介詞in; 接動(dòng)名詞時(shí),用at或by。試比較:
She was disappointed in the book.
她對(duì)此書失望。
She was disappointed of the book.
她對(duì)沒有弄到此書而失望。
We were disappointed at his speech.
我們對(duì)他的講話感到失望。
We were disappointed by his speech.
他的講話使我們感到失望。

這兩個(gè)詞都可以表示“使失望,使絕望”,但含義及用法上有很大的區(qū)別:despair是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接介詞of,表示“徹底失望或絕望”,口氣很強(qiáng),有時(shí)有“悲痛”的含義; despair of接人時(shí),意味著厭惡和失望的感情交織在一起; disappoint是及物動(dòng)詞,表示“使…失望”,強(qiáng)調(diào)原來的希望未能實(shí)現(xiàn),因而令人喪失信心,常用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:
It is said that when he was a boy his par- ents despaired of him.
據(jù)說在很小的時(shí)候他的父母對(duì)他不抱任何希望。
Although I was disappointed,I didn't des- pair.
我雖失望了,但還沒有絕望。