excuse

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [?k'skju?z; ek-]
• 美式音標(biāo) [?k?skju?z]
• 國際音標(biāo) [ik'skju:z, ik'skju:s]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• n. 借口；理由；拙劣樣品；假條
• v. 原諒；為……申辯；準(zhǔn)許……離開；給……免去；作為借口；請求寬恕

詞源解說

• 13世紀晚期進入英語，直接源自古法語的escuser；最初源自古典拉丁語的excusare：ex (出，開） + causa (控告），意為解除控告。

同根派生

• adj性質(zhì)的同根詞

  excusable：可原諒的；可辯解的；可免除的。

  excusatory：表示歉意的；申辯的。

• adv性質(zhì)的同根詞

  excusably：可辯解地；可原諒地。

• excuse相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

v. (動詞)

• excuse的基本意思是“原諒”“寬恕”,常指原諒一個人的輕微過失或疏忽,主語通常是人。引申可表示“免除”“為…辯解”等。
• excuse一般用作及物動詞,可接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,但不接動詞不定式或從句。
• excuse作“原諒”“寬恕”解時,其賓語后常接介詞for表示所原諒的事; 作“免除”解時,可接雙賓語,也可與介詞from搭配使用; 作“為…辯解”解時,常接反身代詞表示“為自己辯解”或“說聲對不起”。
• excuse作“原諒”“免除”解時,可用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。作“為…辯解”解時不用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。作“原諒”解以名詞或代詞作賓語時,可用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)(須以人作主語); 以動名詞作賓語時,則不用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
• Excuse me的意思是“對不起”“請原諒〔寬恕〕”,是口語中常用的客套話,可表示對過失或失禮的歉意,也可作為請求對方允許、問事的禮貌用語,還可用以表示婉言謝絕、客氣糾正等,常與連詞but或情態(tài)動詞will, would等連用。在美式英語中,Excuse me還可表示“提請對方重復(fù)說過的話”,而英式英語中在這種場合下常用I beg your pardon?或Pardon?來表示。

n. (名詞)

• excuse用作名詞的基本意思是“理由”,常指為自己做了不該做的事或說了不該說的話而尋找“借口”,常譯為“托詞”。
• excuse既可用作可數(shù)名詞,也可用作不可數(shù)名詞。常用“for sth/ v -ing”作其后置定語,時有也用動詞不定式作其定語。
• excuse有時還可作“歉意,道歉”解,一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

• excuse使用方法
• excuse詳細辨析

英漢例句

用作動詞 (v.)

用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• I will excuse you this time.
  這次我原諒你。

S+～+ v -ing

• We will never excuse taking innocent hostages.
  我們絕不原諒扣押無辜作為人質(zhì)的行為。

用作雙賓動詞: S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

• That will excuse him another trip.
  那將省得他再跑一趟。

用作名詞 (n.)

• His excuse just doesn't add up.
  他的辯解簡直沒有道理。

• excuse更多例句

詞組短語

用作動詞 (v.)

～+名詞

• excuse oneself 為自己辯解;替自己辯解;請求準(zhǔn)予離開;辯解
• excuse such a selfish act 原諒如此自私的行為

～+副詞

• excuse graciously 仁慈地寬恕
• excuse pleasantly 高興地原諒
• excuse quietly 秘密地免除
• excuse really 真正地原諒

• excuse更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• to forgive someone
• a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong

柯林斯英英字典

• kskjuskskjuz
• If you say that there is no excuse for something, you are emphasizing that it should not happen, or expressing disapproval that it has happened.
• To excuse someone or excuse their behaviour means to provide reasons for their actions, especially when other people disapprove of these actions.
• If you excuse someone for something wrong that they have done, you forgive them for it.
• If someone is excused from a duty or responsibility, they are told that they do not have to carry it out.
• If you excuse yourself, you use a phrase such as "Excuse me" as a polite way of saying that you are about to leave.
• You say "Excuse me" when you want to politely get someone's attention, especially when you are about to ask them a question.
• You use excuse me to apologize to someone when you have disturbed or interrupted them.
• You use excuse me or a phrase such as if you'll excuse me as a polite way of indicating that you are about to leave or that you are about to stop talking to someone.
• You use excuse me, but to indicate that you are about to disagree with someone.
• You say excuse me to apologize when you have bumped into someone, or when you need to move past someone in a crowd.
• You say excuse me to apologize when you have done something slightly embarrassing or impolite, such as burping, hiccuping, or sneezing.
• You say "Excuse me?" to show that you want someone to repeat what they have just said.

• excuse劍橋字典
• excuse柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

語言學(xué)

• 辯解

  On the function of subjective magnitude of tone, this paper divided it into 7 categories in accordance with the order from fewer to more:'Compromise','Magnitude Commentary','Excuse','Fit','Accident','Refute', and'Wish'.
  關(guān)于單音節(jié)語氣副詞語氣的主觀量,本文按照語氣量值由小到大的順序,將單音節(jié)語氣副詞分七類進行了介紹：“將就、讓步”類、量級評注類、“辯解”類、“契合”類、“意外”類、“反駁”類和“意愿”類。

• 原諒

能源科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 借口