fence

常用用法

fence用作名詞時(shí)意思是“柵欄”,轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞表示“把…用柵欄圍起來”,目的在于禁止行人穿過、防止動(dòng)物亂跑或使隱居處安然無恙。引申可指“束縛”“保護(hù)”“周旋”等。
fence既可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),接名詞或代詞作賓語。
在體育用語中, fence可表示“擊劍”,用作不及物動(dòng)詞。

這組詞都可表示“包圍”“裝入”,其區(qū)別是：
fence主要指用柵欄攔開或圍起來; cage指關(guān)在籠子里,有侮辱意味; coop指被關(guān)進(jìn)籠子般的狹小地方,也指受到更加嚴(yán)格的限制; enclose指設(shè)置界限或屏障把某人或某物圍在其中,也指把某物裝進(jìn)密封的容器; envelop強(qiáng)調(diào)把某物體完全包起來或整個(gè)封起來; pen指監(jiān)禁在狹窄的地方或施加令人不快的限制; wall指筑墻圍住或關(guān)入圍有墻壁的地方。例如:
After the tiger was caught, it was caged.老虎被捉住后關(guān)進(jìn)了籠子。
He was cooped up in a tiny room.他被關(guān)進(jìn)小房間。
The little park was enclosed on all sides by tall apartment building.那個(gè)小公園的四周被高高的住宅樓圍起來了。
Smoke from the burning room enveloped the whole building.著火了的那個(gè)房間冒出的煙遮蔽了整座大樓。
The shepherd has penned up the sheep in the two acre field.牧羊人把羊群圍在那塊兩英畝的土地上。
We are going to wall the garden.我們要用圍墻把花園圍起來。

這組詞都有“回避”的意思,它們之間的區(qū)別是:fence指像擊劍者那樣“躲避”,強(qiáng)調(diào)靈巧和勇氣; dodge強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作迅速或突然變換位置進(jìn)行“躲閃”,含有策略、機(jī)警、聰明的意思; duck指突然地彎腰或好像彎腰那樣進(jìn)行“躲〔回〕避”; malinger指偽裝有病或虛弱,以“逃避”職責(zé)或艱巨的任務(wù)等; parry強(qiáng)調(diào)自衛(wèi)的技能和靈巧; shirk指卑鄙地、膽怯地、鬼祟地去“躲〔回〕避”。例如:
He was able to dodge so that the man's knife went through his sleeve, wounding him only slightly.他來得及躲開,那人的小刀刺穿他的衣袖,他僅受了點(diǎn)輕傷。
He saw a policeman coming and ducked behind a car.他看到一個(gè)警察向他走來,便閃身躲在一輛汽車后面。
She says she's got flu, but I think she's malingering.她說她感冒了,但我認(rèn)為她是在裝病逃避工作。
I parried her question by the best excuses I could offer.我用自己能找到的最好借口回避她的問題。
He shirked his duty to his family.他逃避家庭的職責(zé)。