preliminary norms

基本解釋

Chapter 2 conducts a comparative study on preliminary norms and initial norms by introducing the novel, its author and the translators of the two Chinese versions.
第三章通過從結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)范和篇章—語言學(xué)規(guī)范兩個(gè)層面的分析來對(duì)比研究?jī)蓚€(gè)中文譯本的操作規(guī)范并得出小結(jié)；
While another Israel scholar, Gideon Toury advocates three translation norms, initial norms, preliminary norms and operational norms, to confirm the function of norms in translation.
而另一位以色列學(xué)者圖里提出了三種規(guī)則：首要常規(guī)、初步常規(guī)和操作常規(guī)三大類，以確定“常規(guī)”在翻譯中的作用。
The preliminary norms and initial norms have contextualized Pound's translations in a given historical era, while the operational norms accounted for Pound's manipulation of the source texts.
初級(jí)規(guī)范和起始規(guī)范將龐德的翻譯置于歷史和社會(huì)背景當(dāng)中研究，操作規(guī)范分析了龐德在翻譯中操縱文本的現(xiàn)象及原因。

初級(jí)規(guī)范
Basing on a great deal of case studies, he pointed out clearly that translation was a norm-governed activity and categorized three kinds of norms: preliminary norms, initial norms and operational norms.
在大量個(gè)案研究的基礎(chǔ)上,他明確指出:翻譯是受規(guī)范制約的行為,并區(qū)分了三種翻譯規(guī)范:初級(jí)規(guī)范、元規(guī)范和操作規(guī)范。
文學(xué)
預(yù)先規(guī)范