什麼叫懸垂分詞
你知道什麼叫懸垂分詞嗎?請(qǐng)看看這道題:
__________ the road,a car knocked him down.
A. Crossing B. Crossed C. When he was crossing D. To cross
此題應(yīng)選C。其餘均可能被誤選。分析如下:
選項(xiàng)B不對(duì),因爲(wèi)它是過去分詞,其後不應(yīng)有賓語。
選項(xiàng)A,D不對(duì),因爲(wèi)該非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致——搆成懸垂分詞。
一般說來,作狀語用的非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子主語保持一致,否則便是錯(cuò)句。比較:
爲(wèi)了通過考試,(他)每分鍾都用來學(xué)習(xí)。
誤:To pass the exam,every minute was spent in studying.
正:To pass the exam,he spent every minute in studying.
信讀了第二次之後,意思就更清楚了。
誤:Reading the letter a second time,the meaning became clearer.
正:Being read a second time,the letter became clearer in meaning.
狗叫得厲害,所以我把它放了出去。
誤:Barking madly,I led the dog out.
正:Barking madly,the dog was let out.
但是,在有些特殊的結(jié)搆(衹有少數(shù)固定結(jié)搆)中,非謂語動(dòng)詞可以沒有邏輯主語:
Judging from [by] what he said,he was a cheat. 從他說的話來看,他就是個(gè)騙子。