civil
音標發(fā)音
- 英式音標 ['s?v(?)l; -?l?s?vl]
- 美式音標 [?s?v.?l]
- 國際音標 ['siv?l]
- 英式發(fā)音
- 美式發(fā)音
基本解釋
- adj. 公民的;民間的;文職的;有禮貌的;根據(jù)民法的
- n. (Civil)人名;(土)吉維爾;(法)西維爾
詞源解說
- 14世紀晚期期進入英語,直接源自古典拉丁語的civilis,意爲和公民有關(guān)的,有利於民衆(zhòng)的。
詞根記憶
- 講文明(civil)就不能邪惡(evil)
- civ(市民,公民) + il→市民的,公民的
- civ(公民) + il(…的)→平民的
同根派生
- adj性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civic:市的;公民的,市民的。
- civilized:文明的;有禮貌的。
- civilised:文明的。
- adv性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civilly:謙恭地;依民法。
- n性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civilization:文明;文化。
- civility:禮貌;禮儀;耑莊。
- civilisation:(英)文明(等於civilization)。
- civics:公民;公民學。
- v性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civilized:教化;使…文明;啓發(fā)(civilize的過去分詞)。
- vi性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civilize:變得文明。
- civilise:變成文明社會(等於civilize)。
- vt性質(zhì)的同根詞
- civilize:使文明;教化;使開化。
- civilise:教化;文明化;使開化。
用法辨析
- civil的基本含意是“公民的,平民的”,也可作“非軍職的,非宗教的; 國民間的,民用的; 民事的,民法的”解,常用作定語,無比較級和最高級形式。
- civil還可作“文明的,有教養(yǎng)的”解,常與介詞of或to連用,可用於比較等級。
adj. (形容詞)
英漢例句
- Voting is the exercise of a civil right.
投票是行使一項公民權(quán)利。 - He was not at all civil.
他一點禮貌也沒有。 - The courteous boy was civil to everybody.
這個謙恭的男孩對每一個人都很有禮貌。 - It was civil of them to do so.
他們這樣做是通情達理的。
用作形容詞 (adj.)
用作定語: ~+ n.
用作表語: S+be+~
S+be+~+ prep .-phrase
It is/was+~+of sb+to- v
詞組短語
- civil action 民事訴訟
- civil affairs 民政事務(wù)
- civil answer 有禮貌的廻答
- civil duties 公民義務(wù)
- civil life 公民生活
用作形容詞 (adj.)
~+名詞
英英字典
- (ORDINARY) not military or religious, or relating to the ordinary people of a country
- (LAW) relating to private arguments between people or organizations rather than criminal matters
- (POLITE) polite and formal
- You use civil to describe events that happen within a country and that involve the different groups of people in it.
- You use civil to describe people or things in a country that are not connected with its armed forces.
- You use civil to describe things that are connected with the state rather than with a religion.
- You use civil to describe the rights that people have within a society.
- Someone who is civil is polite in a formal way, but not particularly friendly.
- civility