介詞 out of 和outside 的用法
有些及物動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)指人，一個(gè)指物，前者叫作間接賓語(yǔ)；后者叫作直接賓語(yǔ)。用法如下：
1、直接賓語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式充當(dāng)。間接賓語(yǔ)是指動(dòng)詞的行為所指向的人。間接賓語(yǔ)由名詞或賓格代詞充當(dāng)。間接賓語(yǔ)一般放在直接賓語(yǔ)之前，但有時(shí)當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ)比間接賓語(yǔ)短得多時(shí)，或當(dāng)我們特別強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。
E.g:
Remember to write us a letter please. 請(qǐng)記著給我們寫信。
I will return the book to you tomorrow. 我明天還你書。
Fetch a chair for me, will you? 給我取一把椅子好嗎？
2、當(dāng)間接賓語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，同時(shí)直接賓語(yǔ)也是人稱代詞時(shí)，也將間接賓語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)之后。
E.g:
I have found the book and give it to her.
我找到了那本書，并給了她。
3、間接賓語(yǔ)只能用在某些動(dòng)詞的后面，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：
give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return,
write, pay, point, play, save, spare, order, sing, find等。
E.g:
The teacher gave us a lot of homework.
= The teacher gave a lot of homework to us.
老師留給我們很多作業(yè)。
He bought flowers for his girlfriend.out of 和outside 的用法
1. out of:
l)從……(出來(lái)):
He got out of his car.
他走下車來(lái)。
Is she out of hospital yet?
她出院了嗎?
She brought something out of her bag.
她從口袋里拿出一樣?xùn)|西。
2)向外面，在外面：
Bedelia looked out of the window.
貝迪麗亞向窗外望望。
We like to eat out of doors in summer.
夏天我們喜歡在戶外吃飯。
It was good just to be out of doors.
單是在戶外就很愉快。
3)從(接近from):
He watched the country out of the window.
他從窗口眺望田野。
They couldn't get a word out of her.
他們從她口里一句話也得不到。
It was made out of ivory.
這是用象牙做的。
4)出于，由于:
They have done that out of concern for us.
出于關(guān)心我們他們才這樣做。
We did that out of gratitude to you.
我們由于感激你才這樣做。
He did it out of curiosity.
他這樣做是出于好奇。
5)離開，不在……里面：
She is already out of danger.
她己脫離危險(xiǎn)。
Put that out of your mind.
不要想它了。
Out of sight, out of mind.
眼不見，心不煩。(諺)
6)(out of作表語(yǔ))用完，沒有：
She was out of funds.
她的錢用完了。
He quickly realized he was out of ammunition.
他很快明白他的子彈用完了。
Clementine is out of work.
克列門苔現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了。
2. outside 在……外面：
They left the car outside the main entrance.
他們把車停在大門外邊了。
Outside the window it was a charming morning.
窗外是迷人的早晨。
She has never been outside the city.
她從未出過(guò)城。
= He bought his girlfriend flowers. 他給女友買花。
He threw the ball to me, and I caught it.
= He threw me the ball, and I caught it.
他把球扔給我，我接住了。