後綴-our(-or) = ...的行爲(wèi)、狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)或特征

漢： 這裡的-our與物主代詞our沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系，它是拉丁名詞後綴-or在中古英語(yǔ)中形式。由於拼法的歷史縯變，有些名詞衹能用-or形式，有些兩者可通用（英語(yǔ)常用-our，美國(guó)常用-or）。但是不琯用哪種形式，但是含義都不同於表示人或物的-or。請(qǐng)記住，本文的-our,-or用來(lái)表示抽象意義，意爲(wèi)the act,state,quality or characteristics of ～ing（...的行爲(wèi)、狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)或特征）。而且，它是個(gè)原生詞綴，衹能與動(dòng)詞詞根結(jié)郃。

英：word-forming element making nouns of quality, state, or condition, from Middle English -our, from Old French -our (Modern French -eur), from Latin -orem (nom. -or), a suffix added to pp. verbal stems. Also in some cases from Latin -atorem (nom. -ator).

In U.S., via Noah Webster, -or is nearly universal (but not in glamour, curious, generous), while in Britain -our is used in most cases (but with many exceptions: author, error, senator, ancestor, horror etc.). The -our form predominated after c.1300, but Mencken reports that the first three folios of Shakespeare's plays used both spellings indiscriminately and with equal frequency; only in the Fourth Folio of 1685 does -our become consistent.

A partial revival of -or on the Latin model took place from 16c. (governour began to lose its -u- 16c. and it was gone by 19c.), and also among phonetic spellers in both England and America (John Wesley wrote that -or was "a fashionable impropriety" in England in 1791).

Webster criticized the habit of deleting -u- in -our words in his first speller ("A Grammatical Institute of the English Language," commonly called the Blue-Black Speller) in 1783. His own deletion of the -u- began with the revision of 1804, and was enshrined in the influential "Comprehensive Dictionary of the English Language" (1806), which also established in the U.S. -ic for British -ick and -er for -re, along with many other attempts at reformed spelling which never caught on (e.g. masheen for machine). His attempt to justify them on the grounds of etymology and the custom of great writers does not hold up.

Fowler notes the British drop the -u- when forming adjectives ending in -orous (humorous) and derivatives in -ation and -ize, in which cases the Latin origin is respected (e.g. vaporize). When the Americans began to consistently spell it one way, however, the British reflexively hardened their insistence on the other. "The American abolition of -our in such words as honour and favour has probably retarded rather than quickened English progress in the same direction." [Fowler]