if

劍橋詞典

if conjunction (IN THAT SITUATION)

used to say that a particular thing can or will happen only after something else happens or becomes true
假如，如果
I'll pay you double if you get the work finished by Friday . 如果你周五前完工，我付你雙倍的報(bào)酬。
We'll have the party in the garden if the weather's good. If not (= if the weather is not good), it'll have to be inside. 如果天氣好的話，我們將在花園里開派對(duì)。如果不好，就只好在室內(nèi)了。
If anyone calls , just say I'll be back in the office at four o'clock. 要是有人給我打電話，請(qǐng)告訴他們我4點(diǎn)鐘回辦公室。
If she hadn't called, I wouldn't have known . 要不是她打來電話，我還不知道呢。
I wouldn't work for them (even ) if they paid me twice my current salary . 即使他們付給我的工資是現(xiàn)在的兩倍，我也不會(huì)為他們干活。
We'll deal with that problem if and when it arises . 等到那個(gè)問題出現(xiàn)我們?cè)偬幚怼?
If disturbed , the bird may abandon the nest , leaving the chicks to die . 如果受到驚擾，鳥可能會(huì)棄巢而去，留下雛鳥，任由它們死亡。

although
雖然，即使
They're great kids , even if they can be demanding . 雖然他們要求多多，但他們是很好的孩子。
literary It was a hot , if windy day . 那天雖然有風(fēng)，卻依然很熱。
every time
當(dāng)，每當(dāng)
If water is heated to 100°C it turns to steam . 水被加熱到100攝氏度時(shí)，就會(huì)變成蒸汽。
If I don't get enough sleep I get a headache . 我睡眠不足時(shí)就會(huì)頭疼。

used to mean "if it is true that"
如果…是真的
I'm very sorry if I've offended you. 如果我冒犯了你的話，我很抱歉。

例句

• You'll feel cold if you don't wear a coat .
• You have to go to college for a lot of years if you want to be a doctor .
• Try to act confidently, even if you feel nervous .
• The TV won't work if the aerial's not connected .
• Biscuits will stay crisp if you keep them in an airtight container .

if conjunction (WHETHER)

used to introduce a clause , often in indirect speech , that shows two or more possibilities
（用于引出從句，常為間接引語）是否
Mrs Kramer called half an hour ago to ask if her cake was ready . 克雷默夫人半小時(shí)前來電話問她的蛋糕做好了沒有。
I don't care if he likes it or not - I'm coming! 我不在乎他樂不樂意，我反正要來！
I was wondering if you'd like to come to the cinema with me this evening ? 不知你今晚想不想與我一起去看電影？
比較
whether

例句

• I must see if my flatmate has paid those bills yet .
• We asked if the computer could access the internet.
• You could always call Susie and see if she might babysit .
• I asked if she'd like to come out with us tonight .
• I couldn't find the station , so I asked someone if they could direct me.

if conjunction (REQUEST)


used when you want to make a polite request or remark
（用于禮貌地作出請(qǐng)求或評(píng)論）
If you'd like to take a seat , Mr Chang will be with you in a moment . 您請(qǐng)先坐一會(huì)兒吧，張先生一會(huì)兒就過來。
Would you mind if I open /opened (= can I open ) the window ? 我開窗您介意嗎？
There are, if you don't mind me saying so, one or two problems with this plan . 恕我冒昧，我覺得這個(gè)計(jì)劃有一兩處問題。


習(xí)語

if and when
if I were you
if need be
if you will 返回 if